INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE AND ORAGNIZATION IN SECONDARY SCHOOL
PROBLEMS: T he problems associated with school structure at the secondary level are in the unhappy position of being at the same time both compelling and elusive. Although there is an obvious urgency for developing a more comprehensive repertory of organizational responses to changing pupil intake and educational technologies, the organizational patterns of a school, though pervasive in their influence, are not as immediately apprehended as, say, its physical layout or its headmaster's personality. It is perhaps for the latter reason that organizational studies of the school have been dominated by administrative issues in which the leadership style of the headmaster or principal figures prominently, e.g. Hemphill and Coons (1950), Halpin and Croft (1963). These studies have tended to ignore the 'objective' elements of structure (such as the formal distribution of authority and amount of paperwork) and have depended on teachers' perceptions of their organizational envi...